Re-push toy app folder

toy_app/.browserslistrc

+defaults

toy_app/.gitignore

+# See https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files for more about ignoring files.
+#
+# If you find yourself ignoring temporary files generated by your text editor
+# or operating system, you probably want to add a global ignore instead:
+#   git config --global core.excludesfile '~/.gitignore_global'
+
+# Ignore bundler config.
+/.bundle
+
+# Ignore the default SQLite database.
+/db/*.sqlite3
+/db/*.sqlite3-journal
+
+# Ignore all logfiles and tempfiles.
+/log/*
+/tmp/*
+!/log/.keep
+!/tmp/.keep
+
+# Ignore uploaded files in development.
+/storage/*
+!/storage/.keep
+
+/public/assets
+.byebug_history
+
+# Ignore master key for decrypting credentials and more.
+/config/master.key
+
+/public/packs
+/public/packs-test
+/node_modules
+/yarn-error.log
+yarn-debug.log*
+.yarn-integrity

toy_app/.ruby-version

+2.6.5

toy_app/Gemfile

+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }
+
+ruby '2.6.5'
+
+# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
+gem 'rails', '~> 6.0.0'
+# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
+gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.4'
+# Use Puma as the app server
+gem 'puma', '~> 3.11'
+# Use SCSS for stylesheets
+gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5'
+# Transpile app-like JavaScript. Read more: https://github.com/rails/webpacker
+gem 'webpacker', '~> 4.0'
+# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
+gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
+# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
+gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.7'
+# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
+# gem 'redis', '~> 4.0'
+# Use Active Model has_secure_password
+# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
+
+# Use Active Storage variant
+# gem 'image_processing', '~> 1.2'
+
+# Reduces boot times through caching; required in config/boot.rb
+gem 'bootsnap', '>= 1.4.2', require: false
+
+group :development, :test do
+  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
+  gem 'byebug', platforms: [:mri, :mingw, :x64_mingw]
+end
+
+group :development do
+  # Access an interactive console on exception pages or by calling 'console' anywhere in the code.
+  gem 'web-console', '>= 3.3.0'
+  gem 'listen', '>= 3.0.5', '< 3.2'
+  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
+  gem 'spring'
+  gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
+end
+
+group :test do
+  # Adds support for Capybara system testing and selenium driver
+  gem 'capybara', '>= 2.15'
+  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
+  # Easy installation and use of web drivers to run system tests with browsers
+  gem 'webdrivers'
+end
+
+# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
+gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]

toy_app/Gemfile.lock

+GEM
+  remote: https://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    actioncable (6.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.1)
+      nio4r (~> 2.0)
+      websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
+    actionmailbox (6.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.1)
+      activejob (= 6.0.1)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.1)
+      activestorage (= 6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+      mail (>= 2.7.1)
+    actionmailer (6.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.1)
+      actionview (= 6.0.1)
+      activejob (= 6.0.1)
+      mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
+      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
+    actionpack (6.0.1)
+      actionview (= 6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+      rack (~> 2.0)
+      rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
+      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
+      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.2.0)
+    actiontext (6.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.1)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.1)
+      activestorage (= 6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+      nokogiri (>= 1.8.5)
+    actionview (6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+      builder (~> 3.1)
+      erubi (~> 1.4)
+      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
+      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.1, >= 1.2.0)
+    activejob (6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+      globalid (>= 0.3.6)
+    activemodel (6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+    activerecord (6.0.1)
+      activemodel (= 6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+    activestorage (6.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.1)
+      activejob (= 6.0.1)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.1)
+      marcel (~> 0.3.1)
+    activesupport (6.0.1)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
+      i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
+      minitest (~> 5.1)
+      tzinfo (~> 1.1)
+      zeitwerk (~> 2.2)
+    addressable (2.7.0)
+      public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 5.0)
+    bindex (0.8.1)
+    bootsnap (1.4.5)
+      msgpack (~> 1.0)
+    builder (3.2.3)
+    byebug (11.0.1)
+    capybara (3.29.0)
+      addressable
+      mini_mime (>= 0.1.3)
+      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
+      rack (>= 1.6.0)
+      rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
+      regexp_parser (~> 1.5)
+      xpath (~> 3.2)
+    childprocess (3.0.0)
+    concurrent-ruby (1.1.5)
+    crass (1.0.5)
+    erubi (1.9.0)
+    ffi (1.11.1)
+    globalid (0.4.2)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
+    i18n (1.7.0)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
+    jbuilder (2.9.1)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
+    listen (3.1.5)
+      rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
+      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
+      ruby_dep (~> 1.2)
+    loofah (2.3.1)
+      crass (~> 1.0.2)
+      nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
+    mail (2.7.1)
+      mini_mime (>= 0.1.1)
+    marcel (0.3.3)
+      mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)
+    method_source (0.9.2)
+    mimemagic (0.3.3)
+    mini_mime (1.0.2)
+    mini_portile2 (2.4.0)
+    minitest (5.13.0)
+    msgpack (1.3.1)
+    nio4r (2.5.2)
+    nokogiri (1.10.5)
+      mini_portile2 (~> 2.4.0)
+    public_suffix (4.0.1)
+    puma (3.12.1)
+    rack (2.0.7)
+    rack-proxy (0.6.5)
+      rack
+    rack-test (1.1.0)
+      rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
+    rails (6.0.1)
+      actioncable (= 6.0.1)
+      actionmailbox (= 6.0.1)
+      actionmailer (= 6.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.1)
+      actiontext (= 6.0.1)
+      actionview (= 6.0.1)
+      activejob (= 6.0.1)
+      activemodel (= 6.0.1)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.1)
+      activestorage (= 6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+      bundler (>= 1.3.0)
+      railties (= 6.0.1)
+      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
+    rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
+      nokogiri (>= 1.6)
+    rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
+      loofah (~> 2.3)
+    railties (6.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.1)
+      method_source
+      rake (>= 0.8.7)
+      thor (>= 0.20.3, < 2.0)
+    rake (13.0.0)
+    rb-fsevent (0.10.3)
+    rb-inotify (0.10.0)
+      ffi (~> 1.0)
+    regexp_parser (1.6.0)
+    ruby_dep (1.5.0)
+    rubyzip (2.0.0)
+    sass (3.7.4)
+      sass-listen (~> 4.0.0)
+    sass-listen (4.0.0)
+      rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
+      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
+    sass-rails (5.1.0)
+      railties (>= 5.2.0)
+      sass (~> 3.1)
+      sprockets (>= 2.8, < 4.0)
+      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
+      tilt (>= 1.1, < 3)
+    selenium-webdriver (3.142.6)
+      childprocess (>= 0.5, < 4.0)
+      rubyzip (>= 1.2.2)
+    spring (2.1.0)
+    spring-watcher-listen (2.0.1)
+      listen (>= 2.7, < 4.0)
+      spring (>= 1.2, < 3.0)
+    sprockets (3.7.2)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
+      rack (> 1, < 3)
+    sprockets-rails (3.2.1)
+      actionpack (>= 4.0)
+      activesupport (>= 4.0)
+      sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
+    sqlite3 (1.4.1)
+    thor (0.20.3)
+    thread_safe (0.3.6)
+    tilt (2.0.10)
+    turbolinks (5.2.1)
+      turbolinks-source (~> 5.2)
+    turbolinks-source (5.2.0)
+    tzinfo (1.2.5)
+      thread_safe (~> 0.1)
+    web-console (4.0.1)
+      actionview (>= 6.0.0)
+      activemodel (>= 6.0.0)
+      bindex (>= 0.4.0)
+      railties (>= 6.0.0)
+    webdrivers (4.1.3)
+      nokogiri (~> 1.6)
+      rubyzip (>= 1.3.0)
+      selenium-webdriver (>= 3.0, < 4.0)
+    webpacker (4.0.7)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2)
+      rack-proxy (>= 0.6.1)
+      railties (>= 4.2)
+    websocket-driver (0.7.1)
+      websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
+    websocket-extensions (0.1.4)
+    xpath (3.2.0)
+      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
+    zeitwerk (2.2.1)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  bootsnap (>= 1.4.2)
+  byebug
+  capybara (>= 2.15)
+  jbuilder (~> 2.7)
+  listen (>= 3.0.5, < 3.2)
+  puma (~> 3.11)
+  rails (~> 6.0.0)
+  sass-rails (~> 5)
+  selenium-webdriver
+  spring
+  spring-watcher-listen (~> 2.0.0)
+  sqlite3 (~> 1.4)
+  turbolinks (~> 5)
+  tzinfo-data
+  web-console (>= 3.3.0)
+  webdrivers
+  webpacker (~> 4.0)
+
+RUBY VERSION
+   ruby 2.6.5p114
+
+BUNDLED WITH
+   2.0.2

toy_app/README.md

+# README
+
+This README would normally document whatever steps are necessary to get the
+application up and running.
+
+Things you may want to cover:
+
+* Ruby version
+
+* System dependencies
+
+* Configuration
+
+* Database creation
+
+* Database initialization
+
+* How to run the test suite
+
+* Services (job queues, cache servers, search engines, etc.)
+
+* Deployment instructions
+
+* ...

toy_app/Rakefile

+# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
+# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
+
+require_relative 'config/application'
+
+Rails.application.load_tasks

toy_app/app/assets/config/manifest.js

+//= link_tree ../images
+//= link_directory ../stylesheets .css

toy_app/app/assets/stylesheets/application.css

+/*
+ * This is a manifest file that'll be compiled into application.css, which will include all the files
+ * listed below.
+ *
+ * Any CSS and SCSS file within this directory, lib/assets/stylesheets, or any plugin's
+ * vendor/assets/stylesheets directory can be referenced here using a relative path.
+ *
+ * You're free to add application-wide styles to this file and they'll appear at the bottom of the
+ * compiled file so the styles you add here take precedence over styles defined in any other CSS/SCSS
+ * files in this directory. Styles in this file should be added after the last require_* statement.
+ * It is generally better to create a new file per style scope.
+ *
+ *= require_tree .
+ *= require_self
+ */

toy_app/app/channels/application_cable/channel.rb

+module ApplicationCable
+  class Channel < ActionCable::Channel::Base
+  end
+end

toy_app/app/channels/application_cable/connection.rb

+module ApplicationCable
+  class Connection < ActionCable::Connection::Base
+  end
+end

toy_app/app/controllers/application_controller.rb

+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+end

toy_app/app/helpers/application_helper.rb

+module ApplicationHelper
+end

toy_app/app/javascript/channels/consumer.js

+// Action Cable provides the framework to deal with WebSockets in Rails.
+// You can generate new channels where WebSocket features live using the `rails generate channel` command.
+
+import { createConsumer } from "@rails/actioncable"
+
+export default createConsumer()

toy_app/app/javascript/channels/index.js

+// Load all the channels within this directory and all subdirectories.
+// Channel files must be named *_channel.js.
+
+const channels = require.context('.', true, /_channel\.js$/)
+channels.keys().forEach(channels)

toy_app/app/javascript/packs/application.js

+// This file is automatically compiled by Webpack, along with any other files
+// present in this directory. You're encouraged to place your actual application logic in
+// a relevant structure within app/javascript and only use these pack files to reference
+// that code so it'll be compiled.
+
+require("@rails/ujs").start()
+require("turbolinks").start()
+require("@rails/activestorage").start()
+require("channels")
+
+
+// Uncomment to copy all static images under ../images to the output folder and reference
+// them with the image_pack_tag helper in views (e.g <%= image_pack_tag 'rails.png' %>)
+// or the `imagePath` JavaScript helper below.
+//
+// const images = require.context('../images', true)
+// const imagePath = (name) => images(name, true)

toy_app/app/jobs/application_job.rb

+class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
+  # Automatically retry jobs that encountered a deadlock
+  # retry_on ActiveRecord::Deadlocked
+
+  # Most jobs are safe to ignore if the underlying records are no longer available
+  # discard_on ActiveJob::DeserializationError
+end

toy_app/app/mailers/application_mailer.rb

+class ApplicationMailer < ActionMailer::Base
+  default from: 'from@example.com'
+  layout 'mailer'
+end

toy_app/app/models/application_record.rb

+class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
+  self.abstract_class = true
+end

toy_app/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb

+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>ToyApp</title>
+    <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
+    <%= csp_meta_tag %>
+
+    <%= stylesheet_link_tag 'application', media: 'all', 'data-turbolinks-track': 'reload' %>
+    <%= javascript_pack_tag 'application', 'data-turbolinks-track': 'reload' %>
+  </head>
+
+  <body>
+    <%= yield %>
+  </body>
+</html>

toy_app/app/views/layouts/mailer.html.erb

+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+    <style>
+      /* Email styles need to be inline */
+    </style>
+  </head>
+
+  <body>
+    <%= yield %>
+  </body>
+</html>

toy_app/app/views/layouts/mailer.text.erb

+<%= yield %>

toy_app/babel.config.js

+module.exports = function(api) {
+  var validEnv = ['development', 'test', 'production']
+  var currentEnv = api.env()
+  var isDevelopmentEnv = api.env('development')
+  var isProductionEnv = api.env('production')
+  var isTestEnv = api.env('test')
+
+  if (!validEnv.includes(currentEnv)) {
+    throw new Error(
+      'Please specify a valid `NODE_ENV` or ' +
+        '`BABEL_ENV` environment variables. Valid values are "development", ' +
+        '"test", and "production". Instead, received: ' +
+        JSON.stringify(currentEnv) +
+        '.'
+    )
+  }
+
+  return {
+    presets: [
+      isTestEnv && [
+        require('@babel/preset-env').default,
+        {
+          targets: {
+            node: 'current'
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      (isProductionEnv || isDevelopmentEnv) && [
+        require('@babel/preset-env').default,
+        {
+          forceAllTransforms: true,
+          useBuiltIns: 'entry',
+          corejs: 3,
+          modules: false,
+          exclude: ['transform-typeof-symbol']
+        }
+      ]
+    ].filter(Boolean),
+    plugins: [
+      require('babel-plugin-macros'),
+      require('@babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import').default,
+      isTestEnv && require('babel-plugin-dynamic-import-node'),
+      require('@babel/plugin-transform-destructuring').default,
+      [
+        require('@babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties').default,
+        {
+          loose: true
+        }
+      ],
+      [
+        require('@babel/plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread').default,
+        {
+          useBuiltIns: true
+        }
+      ],
+      [
+        require('@babel/plugin-transform-runtime').default,
+        {
+          helpers: false,
+          regenerator: true,
+          corejs: false
+        }
+      ],
+      [
+        require('@babel/plugin-transform-regenerator').default,
+        {
+          async: false
+        }
+      ]
+    ].filter(Boolean)
+  }
+}

toy_app/bin/bundle

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+#
+# This file was generated by Bundler.
+#
+# The application 'bundle' is installed as part of a gem, and
+# this file is here to facilitate running it.
+#
+
+require "rubygems"
+
+m = Module.new do
+  module_function
+
+  def invoked_as_script?
+    File.expand_path($0) == File.expand_path(__FILE__)
+  end
+
+  def env_var_version
+    ENV["BUNDLER_VERSION"]
+  end
+
+  def cli_arg_version
+    return unless invoked_as_script? # don't want to hijack other binstubs
+    return unless "update".start_with?(ARGV.first || " ") # must be running `bundle update`
+    bundler_version = nil
+    update_index = nil
+    ARGV.each_with_index do |a, i|
+      if update_index && update_index.succ == i && a =~ Gem::Version::ANCHORED_VERSION_PATTERN
+        bundler_version = a
+      end
+      next unless a =~ /\A--bundler(?:[= ](#{Gem::Version::VERSION_PATTERN}))?\z/
+      bundler_version = $1 || ">= 0.a"
+      update_index = i
+    end
+    bundler_version
+  end
+
+  def gemfile
+    gemfile = ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"]
+    return gemfile if gemfile && !gemfile.empty?
+
+    File.expand_path("../../Gemfile", __FILE__)
+  end
+
+  def lockfile
+    lockfile =
+      case File.basename(gemfile)
+      when "gems.rb" then gemfile.sub(/\.rb$/, gemfile)
+      else "#{gemfile}.lock"
+      end
+    File.expand_path(lockfile)
+  end
+
+  def lockfile_version
+    return unless File.file?(lockfile)
+    lockfile_contents = File.read(lockfile)
+    return unless lockfile_contents =~ /\n\nBUNDLED WITH\n\s{2,}(#{Gem::Version::VERSION_PATTERN})\n/
+    Regexp.last_match(1)
+  end
+
+  def bundler_version
+    @bundler_version ||= begin
+      env_var_version || cli_arg_version ||
+        lockfile_version || "#{Gem::Requirement.default}.a"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def load_bundler!
+    ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= gemfile
+
+    # must dup string for RG < 1.8 compatibility
+    activate_bundler(bundler_version.dup)
+  end
+
+  def activate_bundler(bundler_version)
+    if Gem::Version.correct?(bundler_version) && Gem::Version.new(bundler_version).release < Gem::Version.new("2.0")
+      bundler_version = "< 2"
+    end
+    gem_error = activation_error_handling do
+      gem "bundler", bundler_version
+    end
+    return if gem_error.nil?
+    require_error = activation_error_handling do
+      require "bundler/version"
+    end
+    return if require_error.nil? && Gem::Requirement.new(bundler_version).satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(Bundler::VERSION))
+    warn "Activating bundler (#{bundler_version}) failed:\n#{gem_error.message}\n\nTo install the version of bundler this project requires, run `gem install bundler -v '#{bundler_version}'`"
+    exit 42
+  end
+
+  def activation_error_handling
+    yield
+    nil
+  rescue StandardError, LoadError => e
+    e
+  end
+end
+
+m.load_bundler!
+
+if m.invoked_as_script?
+  load Gem.bin_path("bundler", "bundle")
+end

toy_app/bin/rails

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+begin
+  load File.expand_path('../spring', __FILE__)
+rescue LoadError => e
+  raise unless e.message.include?('spring')
+end
+APP_PATH = File.expand_path('../config/application', __dir__)
+require_relative '../config/boot'
+require 'rails/commands'

toy_app/bin/rake

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+begin
+  load File.expand_path('../spring', __FILE__)
+rescue LoadError => e
+  raise unless e.message.include?('spring')
+end
+require_relative '../config/boot'
+require 'rake'
+Rake.application.run

toy_app/bin/setup

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+require 'fileutils'
+
+# path to your application root.
+APP_ROOT = File.expand_path('..', __dir__)
+
+def system!(*args)
+  system(*args) || abort("\n== Command #{args} failed ==")
+end
+
+FileUtils.chdir APP_ROOT do
+  # This script is a way to setup or update your development environment automatically.
+  # This script is idempotent, so that you can run it at anytime and get an expectable outcome.
+  # Add necessary setup steps to this file.
+
+  puts '== Installing dependencies =='
+  system! 'gem install bundler --conservative'
+  system('bundle check') || system!('bundle install')
+
+  # Install JavaScript dependencies
+  # system('bin/yarn')
+
+  # puts "\n== Copying sample files =="
+  # unless File.exist?('config/database.yml')
+  #   FileUtils.cp 'config/database.yml.sample', 'config/database.yml'
+  # end
+
+  puts "\n== Preparing database =="
+  system! 'bin/rails db:prepare'
+
+  puts "\n== Removing old logs and tempfiles =="
+  system! 'bin/rails log:clear tmp:clear'
+
+  puts "\n== Restarting application server =="
+  system! 'bin/rails restart'
+end

toy_app/bin/spring

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+# This file loads Spring without using Bundler, in order to be fast.
+# It gets overwritten when you run the `spring binstub` command.
+
+unless defined?(Spring)
+  require 'rubygems'
+  require 'bundler'
+
+  lockfile = Bundler::LockfileParser.new(Bundler.default_lockfile.read)
+  spring = lockfile.specs.detect { |spec| spec.name == 'spring' }
+  if spring
+    Gem.use_paths Gem.dir, Bundler.bundle_path.to_s, *Gem.path
+    gem 'spring', spring.version
+    require 'spring/binstub'
+  end
+end

toy_app/bin/webpack

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= ENV["RACK_ENV"] || "development"
+ENV["NODE_ENV"]  ||= "development"
+
+require "pathname"
+ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= File.expand_path("../../Gemfile",
+  Pathname.new(__FILE__).realpath)
+
+require "rubygems"
+require "bundler/setup"
+
+require "webpacker"
+require "webpacker/webpack_runner"
+
+APP_ROOT = File.expand_path("..", __dir__)
+Dir.chdir(APP_ROOT) do
+  Webpacker::WebpackRunner.run(ARGV)
+end

toy_app/bin/webpack-dev-server

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= ENV["RACK_ENV"] || "development"
+ENV["NODE_ENV"]  ||= "development"
+
+require "pathname"
+ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= File.expand_path("../../Gemfile",
+  Pathname.new(__FILE__).realpath)
+
+require "rubygems"
+require "bundler/setup"
+
+require "webpacker"
+require "webpacker/dev_server_runner"
+
+APP_ROOT = File.expand_path("..", __dir__)
+Dir.chdir(APP_ROOT) do
+  Webpacker::DevServerRunner.run(ARGV)
+end

toy_app/bin/yarn

+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+APP_ROOT = File.expand_path('..', __dir__)
+Dir.chdir(APP_ROOT) do
+  begin
+    exec "yarnpkg", *ARGV
+  rescue Errno::ENOENT
+    $stderr.puts "Yarn executable was not detected in the system."
+    $stderr.puts "Download Yarn at https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/install"
+    exit 1
+  end
+end

toy_app/config.ru

+# This file is used by Rack-based servers to start the application.
+
+require_relative 'config/environment'
+
+run Rails.application

toy_app/config/application.rb

+require_relative 'boot'
+
+require 'rails/all'
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module ToyApp
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
+    config.load_defaults 6.0
+
+    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
+    # Application configuration can go into files in config/initializers
+    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded after loading
+    # the framework and any gems in your application.
+  end
+end

toy_app/config/boot.rb

+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path('../Gemfile', __dir__)
+
+require 'bundler/setup' # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
+require 'bootsnap/setup' # Speed up boot time by caching expensive operations.

toy_app/config/cable.yml

+development:
+  adapter: async
+
+test:
+  adapter: test
+
+production:
+  adapter: redis
+  url: <%= ENV.fetch("REDIS_URL") { "redis://localhost:6379/1" } %>
+  channel_prefix: toy_app_production

toy_app/config/credentials.yml.enc

+aPYhUqRAuUDFzAqn3N8FvNVsbBw//Hw2YSJ18B3OjeVWwslVpDZR/N3/jAGL1ZWKYDT56EcXpTuSS9SA2wU2TMe5nbDO+FgwccB4hg1+3WAJJe58T/tmRjZGm6pXh1NSIrkoJ7U7moKNBwjR3Q44N7aB/bK9RvngVTRdfac2YWk9xGE7ih5qIRqK7BYQWly6aMP5wHCt0grErxo2GoNmPA86MRrJS3W2PLkr1vRjjkfvgSVtQFmvjnHTtIAqD4i8HqOM2gr+hd+0dd+TA1MXSOKTIuQGdwYuATlz1Fyc+zW0VlixmC2DmNtYUA/9MDRucUaUYanzamH0H0ODRRXaMtjOtDUkW4DxazVbyAIh5N2eveZTzqUssz6kLVs7NlaMSpV7D5Zl/nGPbq+K5WrRfYqKzCRSx/2ih5DX--i9AhFodslCTtnDi3--EGWtcw87r97wRkK+FRkNAA==
\ No newline at end of file

toy_app/config/database.yml

+# SQLite. Versions 3.8.0 and up are supported.
+#   gem install sqlite3
+#
+#   Ensure the SQLite 3 gem is defined in your Gemfile
+#   gem 'sqlite3'
+#
+default: &default
+  adapter: sqlite3
+  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
+  timeout: 5000
+
+development:
+  <<: *default
+  database: db/development.sqlite3
+
+# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
+# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
+# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
+test:
+  <<: *default
+  database: db/test.sqlite3
+
+production:
+  <<: *default
+  database: db/production.sqlite3

toy_app/config/environment.rb

+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative 'application'
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!

toy_app/config/environments/development.rb

+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded on
+  # every request. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.cache_classes = false
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
+  if Rails.root.join('tmp', 'caching-dev.txt').exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+    config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true
+
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = {
+      'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}"
+    }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
+  config.active_storage.service = :local
+
+  # Don't care if the mailer can't send.
+  config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = false
+
+  config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+  # Raise an error on page load if there are pending migrations.
+  config.active_record.migration_error = :page_load
+
+  # Highlight code that triggered database queries in logs.
+  config.active_record.verbose_query_logs = true
+
+  # Debug mode disables concatenation and preprocessing of assets.
+  # This option may cause significant delays in view rendering with a large
+  # number of complex assets.
+  config.assets.debug = true
+
+  # Suppress logger output for asset requests.
+  config.assets.quiet = true
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Use an evented file watcher to asynchronously detect changes in source code,
+  # routes, locales, etc. This feature depends on the listen gem.
+  config.file_watcher = ActiveSupport::EventedFileUpdateChecker
+end

toy_app/config/environments/production.rb

+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+  # Ensures that a master key has been made available in either ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"]
+  # or in config/master.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
+  # config.require_master_key = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from the `/public` folder by default since
+  # Apache or NGINX already handles this.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = ENV['RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES'].present?
+
+  # Compress CSS using a preprocessor.
+  # config.assets.css_compressor = :sass
+
+  # Do not fallback to assets pipeline if a precompiled asset is missed.
+  config.assets.compile = false
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.action_controller.asset_host = 'http://assets.example.com'
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Sendfile' # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Accel-Redirect' # for NGINX
+
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
+  config.active_storage.service = :local
+
+  # Mount Action Cable outside main process or domain.
+  # config.action_cable.mount_path = nil
+  # config.action_cable.url = 'wss://example.com/cable'
+  # config.action_cable.allowed_request_origins = [ 'http://example.com', /http:\/\/example.*/ ]
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  # config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Use the lowest log level to ensure availability of diagnostic information
+  # when problems arise.
+  config.log_level = :debug
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment).
+  # config.active_job.queue_adapter     = :resque
+  # config.active_job.queue_name_prefix = "toy_app_production"
+
+  config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Ignore bad email addresses and do not raise email delivery errors.
+  # Set this to true and configure the email server for immediate delivery to raise delivery errors.
+  # config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = false
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Send deprecation notices to registered listeners.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :notify
+
+  # Use default logging formatter so that PID and timestamp are not suppressed.
+  config.log_formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new
+
+  # Use a different logger for distributed setups.
+  # require 'syslog/logger'
+  # config.logger = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(Syslog::Logger.new 'app-name')
+
+  if ENV["RAILS_LOG_TO_STDOUT"].present?
+    logger           = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+    logger.formatter = config.log_formatter
+    config.logger    = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger)
+  end
+
+  # Do not dump schema after migrations.
+  config.active_record.dump_schema_after_migration = false
+
+  # Inserts middleware to perform automatic connection switching.
+  # The `database_selector` hash is used to pass options to the DatabaseSelector
+  # middleware. The `delay` is used to determine how long to wait after a write
+  # to send a subsequent read to the primary.
+  #
+  # The `database_resolver` class is used by the middleware to determine which
+  # database is appropriate to use based on the time delay.
+  #
+  # The `database_resolver_context` class is used by the middleware to set
+  # timestamps for the last write to the primary. The resolver uses the context
+  # class timestamps to determine how long to wait before reading from the
+  # replica.
+  #
+  # By default Rails will store a last write timestamp in the session. The
+  # DatabaseSelector middleware is designed as such you can define your own
+  # strategy for connection switching and pass that into the middleware through
+  # these configuration options.
+  # config.active_record.database_selector = { delay: 2.seconds }
+  # config.active_record.database_resolver = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver
+  # config.active_record.database_resolver_context = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver::Session
+end

toy_app/config/environments/test.rb

+# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+# test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+# and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+  
+  config.cache_classes = false
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot. This avoids loading your whole application
+  # just for the purpose of running a single test. If you are using a tool that
+  # preloads Rails for running tests, you may have to set it to true.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = true
+  config.public_file_server.headers = {
+    'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{1.hour.to_i}"
+  }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+  config.cache_store = :null_store
+
+  # Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system in a temporary directory.
+  config.active_storage.service = :test
+
+  config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Tell Action Mailer not to deliver emails to the real world.
+  # The :test delivery method accumulates sent emails in the
+  # ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array.
+  config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+end

toy_app/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare do
+#   ApplicationController.renderer.defaults.merge!(
+#     http_host: 'example.org',
+#     https: false
+#   )
+# end

toy_app/config/initializers/assets.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Version of your assets, change this if you want to expire all your assets.
+Rails.application.config.assets.version = '1.0'
+
+# Add additional assets to the asset load path.
+# Rails.application.config.assets.paths << Emoji.images_path
+# Add Yarn node_modules folder to the asset load path.
+Rails.application.config.assets.paths << Rails.root.join('node_modules')
+
+# Precompile additional assets.
+# application.js, application.css, and all non-JS/CSS in the app/assets
+# folder are already added.
+# Rails.application.config.assets.precompile += %w( admin.js admin.css )

toy_app/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# You can add backtrace silencers for libraries that you're using but don't wish to see in your backtraces.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.add_silencer { |line| line =~ /my_noisy_library/ }
+
+# You can also remove all the silencers if you're trying to debug a problem that might stem from framework code.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.remove_silencers!

toy_app/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide content security policy
+# For further information see the following documentation
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy
+
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy do |policy|
+#   policy.default_src :self, :https
+#   policy.font_src    :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.img_src     :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.object_src  :none
+#   policy.script_src  :self, :https
+#   policy.style_src   :self, :https
+#   # If you are using webpack-dev-server then specify webpack-dev-server host
+#   policy.connect_src :self, :https, "http://localhost:3035", "ws://localhost:3035" if Rails.env.development?
+
+#   # Specify URI for violation reports
+#   # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
+# end
+
+# If you are using UJS then enable automatic nonce generation
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = -> request { SecureRandom.base64(16) }
+
+# Set the nonce only to specific directives
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w(script-src)
+
+# Report CSP violations to a specified URI
+# For further information see the following documentation:
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_report_only = true

toy_app/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Specify a serializer for the signed and encrypted cookie jars.
+# Valid options are :json, :marshal, and :hybrid.
+Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer = :json

toy_app/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure sensitive parameters which will be filtered from the log file.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [:password]

toy_app/config/initializers/inflections.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, '\1en'
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, '\1'
+#   inflect.irregular 'person', 'people'
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym 'RESTful'
+# end

toy_app/config/initializers/mime_types.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new mime types for use in respond_to blocks:
+# Mime::Type.register "text/richtext", :rtf

toy_app/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb

+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# This file contains settings for ActionController::ParamsWrapper which
+# is enabled by default.
+
+# Enable parameter wrapping for JSON. You can disable this by setting :format to an empty array.
+ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
+  wrap_parameters format: [:json]
+end
+
+# To enable root element in JSON for ActiveRecord objects.
+# ActiveSupport.on_load(:active_record) do
+#   self.include_root_in_json = true
+# end

toy_app/config/locales/en.yml

+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization
+# and are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other
+# than English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t 'hello'
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t('hello') %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# The following keys must be escaped otherwise they will not be retrieved by
+# the default I18n backend:
+#
+# true, false, on, off, yes, no
+#
+# Instead, surround them with single quotes.
+#
+# en:
+#   'true': 'foo'
+#
+# To learn more, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# available at https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"

toy_app/config/puma.rb

+# Puma can serve each request in a thread from an internal thread pool.
+# The `threads` method setting takes two numbers: a minimum and maximum.
+# Any libraries that use thread pools should be configured to match
+# the maximum value specified for Puma. Default is set to 5 threads for minimum
+# and maximum; this matches the default thread size of Active Record.
+#
+max_threads_count = ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 }
+min_threads_count = ENV.fetch("RAILS_MIN_THREADS") { max_threads_count }
+threads min_threads_count, max_threads_count
+
+# Specifies the `port` that Puma will listen on to receive requests; default is 3000.
+#
+port        ENV.fetch("PORT") { 3000 }
+
+# Specifies the `environment` that Puma will run in.
+#
+environment ENV.fetch("RAILS_ENV") { "development" }
+
+# Specifies the `pidfile` that Puma will use.
+pidfile ENV.fetch("PIDFILE") { "tmp/pids/server.pid" }
+
+# Specifies the number of `workers` to boot in clustered mode.
+# Workers are forked web server processes. If using threads and workers together
+# the concurrency of the application would be max `threads` * `workers`.
+# Workers do not work on JRuby or Windows (both of which do not support
+# processes).
+#
+# workers ENV.fetch("WEB_CONCURRENCY") { 2 }
+
+# Use the `preload_app!` method when specifying a `workers` number.
+# This directive tells Puma to first boot the application and load code
+# before forking the application. This takes advantage of Copy On Write
+# process behavior so workers use less memory.
+#
+# preload_app!
+
+# Allow puma to be restarted by `rails restart` command.
+plugin :tmp_restart

toy_app/config/routes.rb

+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  # For details on the DSL available within this file, see https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+end

toy_app/config/spring.rb

+Spring.watch(
+  ".ruby-version",
+  ".rbenv-vars",
+  "tmp/restart.txt",
+  "tmp/caching-dev.txt"
+)

toy_app/config/storage.yml

+test:
+  service: Disk
+  root: <%= Rails.root.join("tmp/storage") %>
+
+local:
+  service: Disk
+  root: <%= Rails.root.join("storage") %>
+
+# Use rails credentials:edit to set the AWS secrets (as aws:access_key_id|secret_access_key)
+# amazon:
+#   service: S3
+#   access_key_id: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:aws, :access_key_id) %>
+#   secret_access_key: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:aws, :secret_access_key) %>
+#   region: us-east-1
+#   bucket: your_own_bucket
+
+# Remember not to checkin your GCS keyfile to a repository
+# google:
+#   service: GCS
+#   project: your_project
+#   credentials: <%= Rails.root.join("path/to/gcs.keyfile") %>
+#   bucket: your_own_bucket
+
+# Use rails credentials:edit to set the Azure Storage secret (as azure_storage:storage_access_key)
+# microsoft:
+#   service: AzureStorage
+#   storage_account_name: your_account_name
+#   storage_access_key: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:azure_storage, :storage_access_key) %>
+#   container: your_container_name
+
+# mirror:
+#   service: Mirror
+#   primary: local
+#   mirrors: [ amazon, google, microsoft ]

toy_app/config/webpack/development.js

+process.env.NODE_ENV = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'development'
+
+const environment = require('./environment')
+
+module.exports = environment.toWebpackConfig()

toy_app/config/webpack/environment.js

+const { environment } = require('@rails/webpacker')
+
+module.exports = environment

toy_app/config/webpack/production.js

+process.env.NODE_ENV = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'production'
+
+const environment = require('./environment')
+
+module.exports = environment.toWebpackConfig()

toy_app/config/webpack/test.js

+process.env.NODE_ENV = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'development'
+
+const environment = require('./environment')
+
+module.exports = environment.toWebpackConfig()

toy_app/config/webpacker.yml

+# Note: You must restart bin/webpack-dev-server for changes to take effect
+
+default: &default
+  source_path: app/javascript
+  source_entry_path: packs
+  public_root_path: public
+  public_output_path: packs
+  cache_path: tmp/cache/webpacker
+  check_yarn_integrity: false
+  webpack_compile_output: false
+
+  # Additional paths webpack should lookup modules
+  # ['app/assets', 'engine/foo/app/assets']
+  resolved_paths: []
+
+  # Reload manifest.json on all requests so we reload latest compiled packs
+  cache_manifest: false
+
+  # Extract and emit a css file
+  extract_css: false
+
+  static_assets_extensions:
+    - .jpg
+    - .jpeg
+    - .png
+    - .gif
+    - .tiff
+    - .ico
+    - .svg
+    - .eot
+    - .otf
+    - .ttf
+    - .woff
+    - .woff2
+
+  extensions:
+    - .mjs
+    - .js
+    - .sass
+    - .scss
+    - .css
+    - .module.sass
+    - .module.scss
+    - .module.css
+    - .png
+    - .svg
+    - .gif
+    - .jpeg
+    - .jpg
+
+development:
+  <<: *default
+  compile: true
+
+  # Verifies that correct packages and versions are installed by inspecting package.json, yarn.lock, and node_modules
+  check_yarn_integrity: true
+
+  # Reference: https://webpack.js.org/configuration/dev-server/
+  dev_server:
+    https: false
+    host: localhost
+    port: 3035
+    public: localhost:3035
+    hmr: false
+    # Inline should be set to true if using HMR
+    inline: true
+    overlay: true
+    compress: true
+    disable_host_check: true
+    use_local_ip: false
+    quiet: false
+    headers:
+      'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'
+    watch_options:
+      ignored: '**/node_modules/**'
+
+
+test:
+  <<: *default
+  compile: true
+
+  # Compile test packs to a separate directory
+  public_output_path: packs-test
+
+production:
+  <<: *default
+
+  # Production depends on precompilation of packs prior to booting for performance.
+  compile: false
+
+  # Extract and emit a css file
+  extract_css: true
+
+  # Cache manifest.json for performance
+  cache_manifest: true

toy_app/db/seeds.rb

+# This file should contain all the record creation needed to seed the database with its default values.
+# The data can then be loaded with the rails db:seed command (or created alongside the database with db:setup).
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+#   movies = Movie.create([{ name: 'Star Wars' }, { name: 'Lord of the Rings' }])
+#   Character.create(name: 'Luke', movie: movies.first)

toy_app/package.json

+{
+  "name": "toy_app",
+  "private": true,
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@rails/actioncable": "^6.0.0-alpha",
+    "@rails/activestorage": "^6.0.0-alpha",
+    "@rails/ujs": "^6.0.0-alpha",
+    "@rails/webpacker": "^4.0.7",
+    "turbolinks": "^5.2.0"
+  },
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "webpack-dev-server": "^3.9.0"
+  }
+}

toy_app/postcss.config.js

+module.exports = {
+  plugins: [
+    require('postcss-import'),
+    require('postcss-flexbugs-fixes'),
+    require('postcss-preset-env')({
+      autoprefixer: {
+        flexbox: 'no-2009'
+      },
+      stage: 3
+    })
+  ]
+}

toy_app/public/404.html

+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>The page you were looking for doesn't exist (404)</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+  <style>
+  .rails-default-error-page {
+    background-color: #EFEFEF;
+    color: #2E2F30;
+    text-align: center;
+    font-family: arial, sans-serif;
+    margin: 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog {
+    width: 95%;
+    max-width: 33em;
+    margin: 4em auto 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > div {
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #BBB;
+    border-top: #B00100 solid 4px;
+    border-top-left-radius: 9px;
+    border-top-right-radius: 9px;
+    background-color: white;
+    padding: 7px 12% 0;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page h1 {
+    font-size: 100%;
+    color: #730E15;
+    line-height: 1.5em;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > p {
+    margin: 0 0 1em;
+    padding: 1em;
+    background-color: #F7F7F7;
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+    border-top-color: #DADADA;
+    color: #666;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body class="rails-default-error-page">
+  <!-- This file lives in public/404.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <div>
+      <h1>The page you were looking for doesn't exist.</h1>
+      <p>You may have mistyped the address or the page may have moved.</p>
+    </div>
+    <p>If you are the application owner check the logs for more information.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>

toy_app/public/422.html

+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>The change you wanted was rejected (422)</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+  <style>
+  .rails-default-error-page {
+    background-color: #EFEFEF;
+    color: #2E2F30;
+    text-align: center;
+    font-family: arial, sans-serif;
+    margin: 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog {
+    width: 95%;
+    max-width: 33em;
+    margin: 4em auto 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > div {
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #BBB;
+    border-top: #B00100 solid 4px;
+    border-top-left-radius: 9px;
+    border-top-right-radius: 9px;
+    background-color: white;
+    padding: 7px 12% 0;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page h1 {
+    font-size: 100%;
+    color: #730E15;
+    line-height: 1.5em;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > p {
+    margin: 0 0 1em;
+    padding: 1em;
+    background-color: #F7F7F7;
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+    border-top-color: #DADADA;
+    color: #666;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body class="rails-default-error-page">
+  <!-- This file lives in public/422.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <div>
+      <h1>The change you wanted was rejected.</h1>
+      <p>Maybe you tried to change something you didn't have access to.</p>
+    </div>
+    <p>If you are the application owner check the logs for more information.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>

toy_app/public/500.html

+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>We're sorry, but something went wrong (500)</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+  <style>
+  .rails-default-error-page {
+    background-color: #EFEFEF;
+    color: #2E2F30;
+    text-align: center;
+    font-family: arial, sans-serif;
+    margin: 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog {
+    width: 95%;
+    max-width: 33em;
+    margin: 4em auto 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > div {
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #BBB;
+    border-top: #B00100 solid 4px;
+    border-top-left-radius: 9px;
+    border-top-right-radius: 9px;
+    background-color: white;
+    padding: 7px 12% 0;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page h1 {
+    font-size: 100%;
+    color: #730E15;
+    line-height: 1.5em;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > p {
+    margin: 0 0 1em;
+    padding: 1em;
+    background-color: #F7F7F7;
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+    border-top-color: #DADADA;
+    color: #666;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body class="rails-default-error-page">
+  <!-- This file lives in public/500.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <div>
+      <h1>We're sorry, but something went wrong.</h1>
+    </div>
+    <p>If you are the application owner check the logs for more information.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>

toy_app/public/robots.txt

+# See https://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file

toy_app/test/application_system_test_case.rb

+require "test_helper"
+
+class ApplicationSystemTestCase < ActionDispatch::SystemTestCase
+  driven_by :selenium, using: :chrome, screen_size: [1400, 1400]
+end

toy_app/test/channels/application_cable/connection_test.rb

+require "test_helper"
+
+class ApplicationCable::ConnectionTest < ActionCable::Connection::TestCase
+  # test "connects with cookies" do
+  #   cookies.signed[:user_id] = 42
+  #
+  #   connect
+  #
+  #   assert_equal connection.user_id, "42"
+  # end
+end

toy_app/test/test_helper.rb

+ENV['RAILS_ENV'] ||= 'test'
+require_relative '../config/environment'
+require 'rails/test_help'
+
+class ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # Run tests in parallel with specified workers
+  parallelize(workers: :number_of_processors)
+
+  # Setup all fixtures in test/fixtures/*.yml for all tests in alphabetical order.
+  fixtures :all
+
+  # Add more helper methods to be used by all tests here...
+end